Andrew Clem ~ Science and Technology

Scientific Web sites:

space.com

Global Warming paper, from Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine

HD Digital Radio (It's already here!)

Links to publishers & select Mac developers:

Apple Computer

MacWorld magazine

Mac Observer

About This Particular Macintosh (online magazine)

MacMaps.com

Apple Matters #

PHP Hypertext Preprocessor

Nisus (Nisus Writer, etc.)

Mireth (iVDC: video CDs, etc.)

Lemke (Graphic Converter, etc.)

Taco (Taco HTML Edit, etc.)

JavaScript Coder

Net News Wire

# Web site not updated in over a year. MacAddict and MacHome magazines ceased publication a couple years ago.

Web tech resources

Cookie Central

W3 Schools: Javascript tutorials, etc.

FBI: "Whois" Database & Cybercrime

ASCII table

Internet country codes

handpoint To see previous blog entries, go to the Science & Technology archives page.

Long live the "Paradigm shift"!

My Macintoshes: *

Model	RAM	Speed	HD	Year
Mac Plus	1 + 2.5 MB	8 MHz	0 + 20 MB	1987
Power Book 150	4 MB	30 MHz	80 MB	1994
iMac "Flower Power"	64 + 256 MB	500 MHz	20 + 156 GB	2001
iMac "Aluminum"	1 + 5 GB	2.4 GHz	320 GB + 1 TB	2008

NOTES: The "plus" figures refer to upgrades after the original purchase, including peripheral hard drives. The iMac "Aluminum" has had TWO memory upgrades: 1 GB + 2 GB = 3 GB, and then replacing the original 1 GB chip with a 4 GB chip to yield 6 GB total.
* Until 2009 or so, all four of my Macs still functioned properly. When I tried to boot them up early in 2010, however, the three older ones either experienced major difficulties or were stone cold dead. frown

CAUTION: Exposing your eyes to this subliminal flashing image for an extended period of time may cause you to buy a Mac. You have been warned.
Subliminal Apple

Remember that old song by Queen, "I'm In Love With My Car"? Well it's kinda like that. In the early 1980s I used to press my nose against the window of computer stores and yearn for an Apple IIC or an Apple III. Then came January 1984 and the unveiling of Macintosh during the Super Bowl half time. I could see right then and there my destiny as a crusader for free thought. Three years later I finally had enough money to buy my first Mac, a Macintosh Plus, and I was immediately enthralled with the vast power at my disposal. In 1994 I bought an Apple PowerBook 150 and took it to Peru with me to do writing and research for my dissertation. In March 2001 I bought my third and current Mac: an iMac "Flower Power" edition, and once again I was in MacNerd heaven. All three of my Macs still function, and I have no plans to dispose of any of them. I don't expect long-term Windows users to understand, but I know there are plenty of Mac folks out there who know the joy: Macs rock!

DISCLAIMER: I, Andrew Clem, have not received any compensation from Apple Computer, Inc. in exchange for this blatant commercial endorsement.

COLOR (this text not shown)

RED : f00

ORANGE : f90

YELLOW : ff0

VIOLET : 90f

BLUE : 03f

GREEN : 0c0

BLACK : 000

CHARCOAL : 333

DARK GRAY : 666

MEDIUM GRAY : 999

LIGHT GRAY : ccc

WHITE : fff

HTML standard color chart

Roll the mouse over the underlined table cells to see the names of primary colors, secondary colors, and shades of gray.


f00	f03	f06	f09	f0c	f0f	f30	f33	f36	f39	f3c	f3f	f60	f63	f66	f69	f6c	f6f	f90	f93	f96	f99	f9c	f9f	fc0	fc3	fc6	fc9	fcc	fcf	ff0	ff3	ff6	ff9	ffc	fff
c00	.c03	c06	c09	c0c	c0f	c30	c33	c36	c39	c3c	c3f	c60	c63	c66	c69	c6c	c6f	c90	c93	c96	c99	c9c	c9f	cc0	cc3	cc6	cc9	ccc	ccf	cf0	cf3	cf6	cf9	cfc	cff
900	903	906	909	90c	90f	930	933	936	939	93c	93f	960	963	966	969	96c	96f	990	993	996	999	99c	99f	9c0	9c3	9c6	9c9	9cc	9cf	9f0	9f3	9f6	9f9	9fc	9ff
600	603	606	609	60c	60f	630	633	636	639	63c	63f	660	663	666	666	66c	66f	690	693	696	699	69c	69f	6c0	6c3	6c6	6c9	6cc	6cf	6f0	6f3	6f6	6f9	6fc	6ff
300	303	306	309	30c	30f	330	333	336	339	33c	33f	360	363	366	369	36c	36f	390	393	396	399	39c	39f	3c0	3c3	3c6	3c9	3cc	3cf	3f0	3f3	3f6	3f9	3fc	3ff
000	003	006	009	00c	00f	030	033	036	039	03c	03f	060	063	066	069	06c	06f	090	093	096	099	09c	09f	0c0	0c3	0c6	0c9	0cc	0cf	0f0	0f3	0f6	0f9	0fc	0ff

Periodic table of the elements

Light metals:		Transitional metals and other metals:										Non-metals:				Halo-gens:	Noble gases:
I-A	II-A	III-B	IV-B	V-B	VI-B	VII-B	VIII	VIII	VIII	I-B	II-B	III-A	IV-A	V-A	VI-A	VII-A	0
H 1 1.01				Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Toxic semi-metal used to make drugs and electronics. Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidinum Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Cesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicum												H 1 1.01	He 2 4.00
Li 3 6.94	Be 4 9.01											B 5 10.8	C 6 12.0	N 7 14.0	O 8 16.0	F 9 19.0	Ne 10 20.2
Na 11 23.0	Mg 12 24.3											Al 13 27.0	Si 14 28.1	P 15 31.0	S 16 32.1	Cl 17 35.5	Ar 18 39.9
K 19 39.1	Ca 20 40.0	Sc 21 45.0	Ti 22 47.9	V 23 50.9	Cr 24 52.0	Mn 25 54.9	Fe 26 55.8	Co 27 58.9	Ni 28 58.7	Cu 29 63.5	Zn 30 65.4	Ga 31 69.7	Ge 32 72.6	As 33 74.9	Se 34 79.0	Br 35 79.9	Kr 36 83.8
Rb 37 85.5	Sr 38 87.6	Y 39 88.9	Zr 40 91.2	Nb 41 92.9	Mo 42 95.9	Tc 43 (99)	Ru 44 101.1	Rh 45 102.9	Pd 46 106.4	Ag 47 107.9	Cd 48 112.4	In 49 114.8	Sn 50 118.7	Sb 51 121.8	Te 52 127.6	I 53 126.9	Xe 54 131.3
Cs 55 132.9	Ba 56 137.3		Hf 72 178.5	Ta 73 180.9	W 74 183.9	Re 75 186.2	Os 76 190.2	Ir 77 192.2	Pt 78 195.1	Au 79 197.0	Hg 80 200.1	Tl 81 204.4	Pb 82 207.1	Bi 83 209.0	Po 84 (210)	At 85 (210)	Rn 86 (222)
Fr 87 (223)	Ra 88 (226)		Rf 104 (261)	Db 105 (262)	Sg 106 (263)	Bh 107 (262)	Hs 108 (265)	Mt 109 (266)	Ds 110 (281)	Rg 111 (281)	Cn 112 (285)
Rare earths:		La 57 138.9	Ce 58 140.1	Pr 59 140.9	Nd 60 144.2	Pm 61 (147)	Sm 62 150.4	Eu 63 152.0	Gd 64 157.3	Tb 65 158.9	Dy 66 162.5	Ho 67 164.9	Er 68 167.3	Tm 69 168.9	Yb 70 173.0	Lu 71 175.0
Rare earths:		Ac 89 (227)	Th 90 232.0	Pa 91 (231)	U 92 238.0	Np 93 (237)	Pu 94 (242)	Am 95 (243)	Cm 96 (247)	Bk 97 (247)	Cf 98 (249)	Es 99 (254)	Fm 100 (253)	Md 101 (256)	No 102 (254)	Lw 103 (257)

NOTE: Atomic number at lower left; Atomic weight at lower right. Gases (at room temperature) are denoted by red letters; liquids (at room temperature) are denoted by blue letters.

SOURCE: U.S. Air Force, "Handy Scientific Data" (1971); The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia (1983); Periodic Table by Chemicool

Mercury
Rev.: 87.97 days
Rot.: 1,407 hours
Max. dist.: 28.6 m
Min. dist.: 43.4 m
Avg. daytime temp.: 845°F
Mass: 0.06 x Earth
Radius: 1,516 miles
Moons: 0

Venus
Rev.: 224.7 days
Rot.: 5,832 hours
Max. dist.: 67.7 m
Min. dist.: 66.8 m
Avg. daytime temp.: 867°F
Mass: 0.8 x Earth
Radius: 3,760 miles
Moons: 0

Earth
Rev.: 365.26 days
Rot.: 24.0 hours
Max. dist.: 91.4 m
Min. dist.: 94.5 m
Avg. daytime temp.: 59°F
Mass: 1.0 x Earth
Radius: 3,959 miles
Moons: 1

Mars
Rev.: 687 days
Rot.: 24.6 hours
Max. dist.: 154.9 m
Min. dist.: 128.4 m
Avg. daytime temp.: -24°F
Mass: 0.1 x Earth
Radius: 2,106 miles
Moons: (2)

Jupiter
Rev.: 11.9 years
Rot.: 10 hours
Max. dist.: 460 m
Min. dist.: 507 m
Avg. daytime temp.: -162°F
Mass: 318 x Earth
Radius: 43,441 miles
Moons: 64 (Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callista + 60 smaller ones; faint ring)

Saturn
Rev.: 29.5 years
Rot.: 10.6 hours
Max. dist.: 941 m
Min. dist.: 840 m
Avg. daytime temp.: -218°F
Mass: 95 x Earth
Radius: 36,184 miles
Moons: 62 (Mimas, Enceladus, Pan, Titan + 58 smaller ones; huge ring)

Uranus
Rev.: 84.1 years
Rot.: 17.2 hours
Max. dist.: 1,866 m
Min. dist.: 1,703 m
Avg. daytime temp.: -323°F
Mass: 14.5 x Earth
Radius: 15,789 miles
Moons: 27 (faint ring)

Neptune
Rev.: 164.8 years
Rot.: 16.1 hours
Max. dist.: 2,824 m
Min. dist.: 2,762 m
Avg. daytime temp.: -330°F
Mass: 17.2 x Earth
Radius: 15,301 miles
Moons: 13 (faint ring)

Pluto
Rev.: 687 days
Rot.: 24.6 hours
Max. dist.: 91.4 m
Min. dist.: 94.5 m
Avg. daytime temp.: 59°F
Mass: 0.1 x Earth
Moons: 1

Our Solar System, in tabular form

Roll mouse over the planet names to see detailed data.

0 m	40 m	80 m	120 m	160 m	300 m	400 m	500 m	600 m	700 m	800 m	900 m	1000 m	1100 m	1200 m	1300 m	1400 m	1500 m	1600 m	1700 m	1800 m	1900 m	2000 m	2100 m	2200 m	2300 m	2400 m	2500 m	2600 m	2700 m	2800 m
Approximate mean distance from Sun of the planets
Sun	Me	Ve	Ea	Ma			Ju				Sa									Ur										Ne

Distances for the four inner planets portrayed above are not in scale. (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars)					Approximate relative size of the planets
Me	Ve	Ea	Ma	(asteroids)	Jupiter	Saturn	Uranus	Neptune	(Pluto was demoted from planetary status in 2006.)

SOURCE: The World Almanac and Book of Facts, 2012